What are the substances which mimic the natural chemical messengers?

When a proton is accelerated through $1\,V,$ then its kinetic energy will be........$eV$.

In the figure, a potential of $+ 1200 \, V$ is applied to point $A$ and point $B$ is earthed. What is the potential at point $P$ in volts?

If $f(x) = \frac{\cos^2 x + \sin^4 x}{\sin^2 x + \cos^4 x}$ for $x \in R$,then $f(2002) = $

When the temperature of a black body increases,it is observed that the wavelength corresponding to maximum energy changes from $0.26 \mu m$ to $0.13 \mu m$. The ratio of the emissive powers of the body at the respective temperatures is

$A$ solid reflects incident light and its electrical conductivity decreases with temperature. The binding in this solid is: