What is the particle $x$ in the following nuclear reaction :
${ }_4^9 Be+{ }_2^4 He \rightarrow{ }_6^{12} C+x$

The mass number and the volume of a nucleus are $A$ and $V$ respectively. If the mass number is increased to $2A$, then the volume changes to:

Explain the types of atoms by illustrating with examples.

In the following nuclear reaction,the value of $X$ is: $_7N^{14} + _2He^4 \to X + _1H^1$

Nuclei with magic numbers of protons $Z = 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82$ and magic numbers of neutrons $N = 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126$ are found to be very stable.
$(i)$ Verify this by calculating the proton separation energy $S_p$ for $^{120}Sn$ $(Z = 50)$ and $^{121}Sb$ $(Z = 51)$. The proton separation energy for a nuclide is the minimum energy required to separate the least tightly bound proton from a nucleus of that nuclide. It is given by $S_p = (M_{Z-1, N} + M_H - M_{Z, N})c^2$. Given:
$^{119}In = 118.9058 \ u, ^{120}Sn = 119.902199 \ u, ^{121}Sb = 120.903824 \ u, ^1H = 1.0078252 \ u$
$(ii)$ What does the existence of magic numbers indicate?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?