Match the items in Column-$I$ with those in Column-$II$.

Column-$I$	Column-$II$
$(1)$ Newton's third law of motion	$(a)$ $\vec{F}_{12} = -\vec{F}_{21}$
$(2)$ Law of conservation of momentum	$(b)$ $\Delta \vec{p} = 0$
	$(c)$ $\vec{F}_{12} = \vec{F}_{21}$

$A$ $10 \, kg$ ball attached to the end of a rigid massless rod of length $L = 1 \, m$ rotates at a constant speed in a horizontal circle of radius $r = 0.5 \, m$ and period $T = 1.57 \, s$ as shown in the figure. The force exerted by the rod on the ball is ........ $N$.

Give the magnitude and direction of the net force acting on a stone of mass $0.1\; kg$,
$(a)$ just after it is dropped from the window of a stationary train,
$(b)$ just after it is dropped from the window of a train running at a constant velocity of $36\; km/h$,
$(c)$ just after it is dropped from the window of a train accelerating with $1\; m/s^2$,
$(d)$ lying on the floor of a train which is accelerating with $1\; m/s^2$,the stone being at rest relative to the train.
Neglect air resistance throughout.

Two blocks of mass $2 \ kg$ and $1 \ kg$ are connected by an ideal spring on a rough surface. The spring is unstretched. The spring constant is $8 \ N/m$. The coefficient of friction is $\mu = 0.8$. Now,the $2 \ kg$ block is imparted a velocity $u$ towards the $1 \ kg$ block. Find the maximum value of velocity $u$ of the $2 \ kg$ block such that the $1 \ kg$ block never moves.

In the figure,two blocks $M$ and $m$ are tied together with an inextensible and light string. The mass $M$ is placed on a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of friction $\mu$ and the mass $m$ is hanging vertically against a smooth vertical wall. The pulley is frictionless. Imagine a situation in which the given arrangement is placed inside an elevator that can move only in the vertical direction and compare the situation with the case when it is placed on the ground. When the elevator accelerates downward with $a_0 (< g)$,then

$A$ block of mass $m$ is on an inclined plane of angle $\theta$. The coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is $\mu$ and $\tan \theta > \mu$. The block is held stationary by applying a force $P$ parallel to the plane. The direction of force pointing up the plane is taken to be positive. As $P$ is varied from $P_1 = mg(\sin \theta - \mu \cos \theta)$ to $P_2 = mg(\sin \theta + \mu \cos \theta)$,the frictional force $f$ versus $P$ graph will look like: