In $N$-type semiconductors,the majority charge carriers are

The semiconductors are generally

An intrinsic semiconductor is converted into $N$-type extrinsic semiconductor by doping it with

The concentration of electrons in an intrinsic semiconductor is $6 \times 10^{15} \,m^{-3}$. On doping with an impurity, the electron concentration increases to $4 \times 10^{22} \,m^{-3}$. In thermal equilibrium, the concentration of the holes in the doped semiconductor is:

In a $P$-type semiconductor,the acceptor energy levels $E_A$ are located:

Write four points in distinguishing between $p$-type semiconductor and $n$-type semiconductor.